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Search by topic:   15585. THE "INCUMBENCY EFFECT" IN CONGRESSIONAL ELECTIONS. Despite low approval ratings in opinion polls, incumbents have many advantages over newcomers in elections. For example, voters tend to prefer candidates with prior experience, and incumbents have better access to funding sources. The paper concludes with some suggestions for creating a more level "playing field" in Congressional elections. 14 pages, 43 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources.   $98 Copyright 2002 Academic Research Papers Associate Term Paper Sites: Academic Research Papers Academic-Research-Papers Research Central Term Paper Assistance