Academic Research Papers | INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND DEVELOPED ECONOMIES PG. 2

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13890. SPAIN'S ECONOMIC TRANSFORMATION IN THE POST-FRANCO DECADE. Profiles Spain's economy and infrastructure in the mid to late 1980's, a decade after the death of Franco and on the eve of Spain's full integration into the European Community. 5 pages, 12 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources.		$35

13782. THE MALAYSIAN ECONOMY IN THE 1980'S. A review of the Malaysian economy from the perspective of the early 1990's. Reviews Malaysia's economic history since 1960, discusses the shift to an export strategy in the 1970's, and profiles the rapid growth of the 1980's. 5 pages, 12 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources.		$35

13760. PRICING IN JAPAN AND THE U.S. The paper analyzes Japanese and American pricing methods, comparing and contrasting Japanese "predatory" pricing techniques which aim at obtaining dominant market share and the American system dominated by short-term planning and the quest for immediate profits. Defends the Japanese methods as legal and fair. 10 pages, 10 footnotes, 8 bibliographic sources.		$70

13758. HISTORY AND EVOLUTION OF THE JAPANESE ECONOMY, 1868-1990. Traces the history and evolution of the Japanese economy from the Meiji Restoration and the first economic opening to the outside world. Profiles the Meiji Restoration's industrialization program and the birth and development of the zaibatsu (Japanese-style business conglomerates). Considers the changes that occurred in the Japanese economy between the First and Second World Wars and chronicles the U.S.-led transformation in the aftermath of WWII. Briefly summarizes the state of the Japanese economy in the current era of globalization. 9 pages, 16 footnotes, 5 bibliographic sources.		$63

13757. THE ISRAELI ECONOMY CIRCA 1990. Profiles the challenges, opportunities and triumphs of the Israeli economy in the late 1980's and early 1990's. Notes the efforts to make the transition from an economic structure technically and legally limited by a political commitment to socialism to that of a genuine market economy. 6 pages, 13 footnotes, 7 bibliographic sources.		$42

13751. THE FAILURE OF U.S. POLICY ON ILLEGAL IMMIGRATION. Investigates the "problem" of illegal immigration from the perspective of U.S. immigration policy history. Provides background information on U.S. immigration policy history and on the political and social conflict between legal and illegal immigration. Chronicles the failure of U.S. policy to stop illegal immigration, particularly as it applies to immigrants from Mexico and Central America. Argues for the implementation of a new policy that would include the creation of a new category of alien resident workers, a coordinated plan of economic development and population control in Mexico, and removal of arbitrary political and economic requirements for legal immigration. 18 pages, 26 footnotes, 27 bibliographic sources.		$126

13749. IBM'S EUROPEAN STRATEGY IN THE 1990'S. Following an overview of IBM's corporate history and current status of international operations and strategy, this report focuses on the computer giant's European operations and European strategy for the 1990's. 10 pages, 17 footnotes, 12 bibliographic sources.		$70

13710. "FOREIGN EXCHANGE TODAY" BY RAYMOND CONINX. Summary and critique of this 1978 introductory text on international finance and foreign exchange. The reviewer praises the book, despite its age, as a very useful and informative analysis of the topic, especially valuable for the beginning student. The book's history of foreign and detailed overview of the basic concepts and processes in contemporary foreign exchange are deemed especially noteworthy. 8 pages, 6 footnotes, 1 bibliography.		$56

13637. PUBLIC POLICY IN THE U.S. & SWEDEN. This research paper provides a comparison of public policy in the United States and Sweden. The analysis begins with a brief comparative overview of the two political systems. Following this is a survey of the differences and similarities of public policy in select areas including health, social insurance, industry, and labor. The concluding section provides a synthesis of the differences and examines some of the underlying reasons (e.g., cultural, institutional, historical) for these differences. KEYWORDS: public sector social services international comparison term paper. APA Style. 15 pages, 27 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 4,040 words.		$105

13635. THE WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION (WTO). This paper examines the history, current status, and future of the World trade Organization (WTO). Traces the evolution and history of the WTO as a successor to GATT, examining GATT's deficiencies and the extent to which the WTO provides corrections. Examines the current controversies and concerns with the WTO. Profiles the strengths and weaknesses of the organization and speculates on its future. KEYWORDS: international trade world trade organization wto gatt term paper. 15 pages, 31 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources.		$105

13588. CHINA: PROSPECTS AND PROBLEMS IN DEVELOPMENT. The report analyzes China's current economic status and its prospects for development through the year 2020. The investigation considers China's prospects from the perspective of three key problems or barriers to growth and development: 1) environmental degradation; 2) political instability; and 3) aging of the population. The problems and their likely impact on China's development prospects are discussed, along with the strategies to remove/reduce the magnitude of these problems. A concluding analysis forecasts best, worst, and medium-case scenarios in terms of growth in per capita GDP through the year 2020. The analysis includes a discussion and justification for the use of per capita GDP (versus another measure, such as the UNDP's human development index) as a comprehensive measure of development in China. KEYWORDS: PRC China economy economic growth development economic forecast term paper. 39 pages, 117 footnotes, 43 bibliographic sources.		$133

13584. FAST FOOD FRANCHISING IN THE ARAB MIDDLE EAST. This paper provides an overview and analysis of fast food restaurant franchising in the Arab countries of the Middle East. The report begins with a brief overview and discussion of the franchising in general and fast food franchising in particular. Following this, a brief overview of the Middle Eastern fast food franchise market is presented. The next section examines some of the factors which have encouraged franchise systems to expand in the region as well as some of the potential benefits that franchising can bring to the region. A fourth section looks at some of the known and potential obstacles and/or barriers to franchising in the Arab Middle East. A concluding section focuses on franchising recommendations for the region and includes a directory and brief analysis of high-potential franchise systems for the region. 20p. 42f. 28b.		$133

13579. CONTEMPORARY METROPOLITAN PARIS. A study of the city and its surrounding region (Ile-de-France) as they exist in the present day. Includes discussions of Paris' centrality to the French economy, the city's ethnic groups, culture, neighborhoods, suburbs, and transportation systems, and controversies over whether or not Paris is in a state of decline. 22p. 58f. 15b.		$133

13577. THE U.S. BALANCE OF TRADE. Traces the history of trade patterns from the county's origins to the record-high deficits of the 1990s. Looks at trends in trade partners and product sectors, as well as the views of economists regarding the extent to which the trade deficit may or may not be a threat to the economy. 16p. 56f. 14b.		$112

13566. CHINA: ECONOMY AND CONSUMER MARKET. This report provides an overview of the Chinese market, with an emphasis on the Chinese consumer market. After a brief introduction to China (its people, government, politics), the analysis provides an overview of the Chinese economy, including background on the economic reforms, a discussion of current economic structure and economic indicators, a profile of China's trade and investment patterns, and an overview of the labor structure and taxation structure as it applies to foreign firms. The second part of the report presents a profile of the Chinese consumer market, including consideration of consumer spending patterns, income disparities, the size of the consumer market, and the impact of demographic factors on consumer behavior and trends. KEYWORDS: Chinese consumer market term paper china consumers economy market entry research paper. 18 pages, 62 footnotes, 26 bibliographic sources.		$126

13540. WOMEN IN MANAGEMENT IN THAILAND: OPPORTUNITIES & BARRIERS. This paper considers the central barriers to Thai women's entry/advancement in the management ranks. The analysis begins with an overview of the burden of tradition on Thai women workers - the cultural, social and historical impediments to Thai women's entry into management. Subsequent sections consider legal barriers, educational barriers, overt discrimination, psychological barriers, and the barriers created by recent economic development. A concluding section considers the future for Thai women managers. 22p. 59f. 20b.		$133

13539. WOMEN AND WORK IN THAILAND. This paper presents a statistical profile of Thai women's role in the Thai labor market with particular emphasis on Thai women in management positions. Following an overview of general female labor participation rates in Thailand, the analysis considers women's labor participation by educational status, employment/organizational status, and by industry and occupational status. Also included is an analysis of Thai women's wages and earnings compared to Thai male workers. 11p. 31f. 11b.		$77

13538. THAI LABOR AND MANAGEMENT: ECONOMIC, CULTURAL AND SOCIAL INFLUENCES. This paper provides an overview and analysis of Thailand's labor market and management style within the context of economic, social, and cultural conditions. The first part of the paper provides an economic and social overview of Thailand, including a discussion of shifts in the labor force and structure, the influence of economic development on social change, and current labor/management demand. The second part of the paper focuses on Thai management practices and style as influenced by Thai culture and the pace of economic development. 11p. 34f. 14b.		$77

13537. PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE GULF STATES. Focusing closely on economic issues, this report provides an overview and analysis of problems and prospects for the GCC member states over the next decade. The first section presents an overview of the major problems and issues now facing the GCC member states. The second section first provides a summary of the "critical issues" and then presents a ten year plan to address the problems and take advantage of emerging economic opportunities. 6p. 38f. 23b.		$42

13535. FINANCIAL SECTOR IN THE ARAB GULF. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the financial sector in the Arab Gulf States. It includes a unified discussion and analysis of the financial systems (banking system, stock market, investment climate); financial strategies; intra- and extra- GCC economic relations; and threats, opportunities, and plans within the GCC system. KEYWORDS: financial sector kuwait bahrain uae qatar saudi arabia gulf cooperative council. 12 pages, 53 footnotes, 19 bibliographic sources.		$84

13528. CHINESE AGRICULTURE: RECENT REFORMS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS. This paper examines economic development, problems, and prospects in China's agricultural sector during the post-Deng reform years. Constraints on growth in the agricultural sector - environmental degradation, rural unrest, technical issues, and political factors - are identified and discussed. The second part of the paper examines future prospects in the grain sector. Progress during the reform, problems and limitations in future growth in the grain sector, and recommendations for an appropriate China grain policy are discussed. KEYWORDS: china agriculture term paper chinese grain sector agricultural reform term paper. APA Style. 14 pages, 35 footnotes, 18 bibliographic sources.		$98

13527. THE ENDURING LEGACY OF CHINESE CULTURAL NORMS. The focus of this paper is on the continuing influence of traditional Chinese cultural and social norms in the day-to-day activities of Chinese business and economics. The first section examines the role of guanxi (art of relationships) in contemporary Chinese society within the PRC. The second section looks at the influence of Chinese cultural values in Taiwan (the ROC), with particular attention to the apparent contradiction between those who claim that "Chinese culture" has been a catalyst for economic development in Taiwan and elsewhere, and those who, citing China itself, see "Chinese culture" in Weberian terms as an impediment to economic progress. KEYWORDS: China Taiwan culture economic development term paper. APA Style. 12 pages, 26 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources.		$84

13453. THE ASIAN ECONOMIC CRISIS: RESPONSES AND RESPONSIBILITY. This paper presents an analytical discussion of the causes and consequences of the Asian economic crisis with a focus on the following two questions: 1) what have been the domestic and international responses to the crisis; and 2) who (or what) deserves the blame for the crisis? The first section provides a summary overview of the domestic and international responses to the crisis. The next section briefly summarizes the main arguments on who is to blame for the crisis. The third and final section argues that there are may villains; that blame should rightly be apportioned among a fairly broad contingent of governments, private sector businessmen, bankers, currency speculators, international lenders, and members of the international financial community. 12p. 21f. 12b.		$84

13423. CULTURE AND COMMUNICATION: HIGH-CONTEXT VS. LOW-CONTEXT CULTURES. This paper provides an overview and analysis of high context/low context communication cultures and their relevance and impact for international business operations. The analysis begins with a discussion of high-context/low-context communication cultures within the framework of Hofstede’s four dimensions of national culture. The next sections examine the nuances of the high/low context clash through an examination of cross-cultural comparisons, with a special focus on Middle Eastern (high-context)/American (low-context) studies and Asian (high-context)/Non-Asian (low-context) studies. 9p. 29f. 15b.		$63

13409. EXECUTIVE PAY: ECONOMICS, ETHICS AND INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES. This paper considers the substantive issues with regard to the economics, ethics, and organizational goals related to executive pay. The analysis views the topic from the international perspective, considering the issues and their related empirical and theoretical findings concerning executive pay not only from the framework of its most extreme manifestation - the United States - but also from the historically more tempered perspective in other developed countries. 10p. 25f. 16b.		$70

13408. CAUSES AND CONSEQUENCES OF THE ASIAN FINANCIAL CRISIS. This paper provides an overview and analysis of the causes and consequences of the Asian financial crisis. The substantive issues, theories and findings related to both the hypothesized causes and apparent consequences are presented. A concluding section considers some of the practical lessons for managers to be drawn from the crisis. KEYWORDS: financial crisis asia 1990s asian economic crisis term paper. 12 pages, 28 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources.		$84

13401. THE ECONOMIC HISTORY OF KUWAIT. This paper presents an analysis and overview of the economic history of Kuwait with an eye towards assessing its economic path of the future. The first section considers Kuwait's early economic history and provides an overview of its pre-oil economy. The next section examines Kuwait's history as an oil-dependent state. A concluding section examines the economic problems now confronting the State of Kuwait and makes recommendations for future action. 12p. 34f. 15b.		$84

13387. THE ASIAN FINANCIAL CRISIS. This term paper considers the causes and consequences of the 1990s Asian financial crisis. The main issues, theories and findings related to both the hypothesized causes and the apparent consequences are presented. The essay also looks at what lessons the Asian Financial Crisis has for managers. KEYWORDS: financial crisis asia 1990s asian economic crisis term paper. Written 1999. 13 pages, 28 footnotes, 13 bibliographic sources. 3,458 words.		$91

13384. SOUTH-NORTH MIGRATION & THE BRAIN DRAIN. This paper provides an overview and analysis of south-north migration as a major issue in north-south relations. The first section provides an overview of the general patterns in south-north migration over the past few decades and a discussion of the major “pull” and “push” factors driving the migrant flow. The remainder of the analysis considers responses from the Northern receiving countries and the impact of the South-North migration on the “sending” countries of the South, with particular attention to the problem of “brain drain” in the southern LDCs. KEYWORDS: labor migration brain drain southern hemisphere. APA Style. 12 pages, 36 footnotes, 16 bibliographic sources.		$84

13372. WOMEN IN THE ALBANIAN WORKFORCE. This paper presents an overview and analysis of the role of women in the 20th century Albanian workforce. The analysis begins with an overview of women’s role in traditional Albanian society and a discussion of their exclusion from the official workforce during the pre-Communist era. The next section considers the rapid expansion of working women during the Communist era, examining the specifics of women’s labor participation and evidence of remnants of traditional attitudes. The concluding section considers changes to women’s role in the workforce during the post-Communist era. KEYWORDS: albania women term paper albanian labor. 11 pages, 29 footnotes, 14 bibliographic sources. 3,793 words.		$77

13356. THE BENEFITS AND RISKS OF STRATEGIC ALLIANCES. This essay considers the argument that a strategic alliance can strengthen both firms against outsiders even as it weakens one partner vis-a-vis the other. Drawing on recent case examples of alliances in different industries, as well as the strategic management literature looking at theoretical issues in alliance formation, the analysis considers the factors spurring alliances, firms’ motivations for alliance formation, common types of strategic alliances, and the benefits and risks that the strategic alliance brings to the firms involved. 10p., 20f., 14b.		$70

13348. GLOBALIZATION AND HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT AT FORD. Considers the importance of employee involvement and motivation in company's "Ford 2000"plan. Also traces Ford's emphasis on employee development from the 1980s, and looks at recent efforts to diversify the company's workplace. 10p., 33f., 9b.		$70

13337. PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHINA’S GRAIN SECTOR. Considers problems and prospects for the further development of China’s grain sector which has long served as the centerpiece of the PRC’s agricultural policies. Concludes that while technically feasible, it is economically impractical to continue focus on this sector. KEYWORDS: PRC China agriculture Chinese grain sector agricultural policies term paper. Written 1999. APA Stye. 8 pages, 18 footnotes, 10 bibliographic sources. 2,022 words.		$56

13307. THE EURO: THE EU CURRENCY. This paper presents an analysis of one of the world's most ambitious political-economic-financial experiments. The paper includes a brief history of the European Union and its attempts to link and stabilize currencies; a history of the new transnational currency "the euro" since conception in 1987 through its initial implementation in January 1999, the pre-birth traumas and successes, the long-term hopes, the short-term fears of possible breakup over various issues including possible shortcomings of the new European Central Bank, problems facing final implementation by July 2002, hopes and fears of the euro's role in international finance and possible competition with the dollar as world's leading currency. KEYWORDS: eu euro currency. 19p., 32f., 24b.		$133

13281. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN BRAZIL AND INDIA: COMPARISON & ASSESSMENT. A comprehensive assessment of the history, trends, and current climate for foreign direct investment (FDI) in two of the world's top ten big emerging markets. Includes a profile of economic and political risk conditions in each country, as well as a thorough discussion of FDI trends and composition (sectoral concentration, sources of FDI) and proscribed investment regimes (e.g., methods of entry, scope of allowed operations, ownership limitations, repatriation of capital and profits, collateral regimes). 42p., 142f, 45b.		$133

13245. TOURISM AND EGYPTIAN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT. Considers prospects and problems in Egypt’s planned reliance on tourism as a linchpin of economic growth and development. Discusses the role of tourism in economic development, traces the history of tourism in Egypt, outlines the historical and current role of tourism in the Egyptian economy, profiles the role of the State and the private sector (foreign and domestic) in tourism development, and traces the major impediments to growth in this sector, with a special focus on terrorism and political unrest. Concludes with recommendations on how the Egyptian government can better facilitate the tourism route of economic growth and development. 49p., 148f., 39b.		$133

13241. TRADE FLOWS AND STRATEGIC POLICIES IN NAFTA. Examines changes in trade flows (with a focus on trade in goods, both manufactures and agricultural products) between the NAFTA partners and strategic policies during the first four years that the Agreement has been in effect. Profiles both general (changes in total exports and imports) and specific (trends and changes in specific sectoral and commodity flows) changes in trade flows. 16p., 44f., 35b.		$112

13225. WOMEN MANAGING ACROSS CULTURES: US, JAPAN & SWEDEN. This report provides an overview and analysis of women managing across three cultures - American, Swedish and Japanese -- from the perspective of the American businesswoman. Following a summary comparison of culture and management in these three countries, the analysis examines women in business in the U.S., Sweden, and Japan. A concluding section examines the implications of these cultural differences for an American woman manager posted to each of these countries. 12p., 51., 21f.		$84

13209. THE IMPORTANCE OF CULTURE IN INTERNATIONAL BUSINESS. This essay considers the short-sightedness and wrong-headedness in the notion that cultural awareness is not important, that if one simply treats others as one would like to be treated, everything will work out fine. The paper cites six main examples of major areas of cultural difference, including language, social hierarchy and distance, time orientation, humor, ethics, and symbolic meaning. KEYWORDS: culture organization international business strategy argumentative essay. APA Style. 6p., 21f., 7b.		$42

13208. PREPARING EMPLOYEES FOR EXPATRIATE ASSIGNMENTS. This essay argues that the high failure rate of expatriate assignments demands that organizations - both for the sake of the company and for the sake of the employee - take steps to comprehensively prepare the expatriate and his/her family for the overseas posting. Taking the hypothetical case of an individual and his family of four (spouse, 8-year-old son and 10 year old daughter) who are being asked to move to a non-English speaking foreign country, the analysis identifies and discusses the five most critical areas (cross-cultural training, language training, management & organization training, assistance in tools of everyday living, and assistance in family-related issues) in which they should be assisted. KEYWORDS: expatriate workers hrm employee training assistance foreign postings. 5p., 19f., 11b.		$35

13167. SWEDISH HIGH TECH INDUSTRY. This paper provides a description and analysis of the past, present and future of the Swedish high-tech sector. Specific areas considered include electronics, telecommunications; pharmaceuticals (bio-tech), avionics, computing, and engineering. In addition to profiling the structure and composition of Swedish high-tech industries and examining the sector's major strengths and weaknesses, the analysis considers how these industries affect the Swedish economy and the importance of these areas to Sweden's future economic competitiveness. Also included within the analysis is a profile of some of Sweden's high-tech "stars" including Ericsson, Saab, Telia, ABB, and Pharmacia. 26p. + 2-page graphical appendix. 93f., 37b.		$133

13147. KOREA AND THE IMF BAILOUT. This paper provides a review and analysis of the commentary and opinion of the IMF's response to the Asian financial crisis, looking specifically at the case of the Korean bailout. Following a brief overview of the events which led to Korea's request for IMF assistance and a summary of the central elements and conditions of the IMF bailout package for Korea, the analysis reviews both criticism and praise for the institution's program in Korea. 20p., 86f., 42b.		$133

13140. MNCS AND COMMUNICATIONS. This report provides an overview an analysis of the role and structure of communications in MNCs. The analysis begins with a general overview of the importance of communications in the MNC, conducted through the perspective of an assessment and response to the statement that "control of MNCs is primarily a matter of communication." Following this, the analysis examines the components of and differences between the one-way and two-way patterns of communication, considering their implications for MNCs in general and for Western-based MNCs operating in Asia in particular. 10p., 28f., 13b.		$70

13139. INTERNATIONAL JOINT VENTURES & WESTERN-CHINESE ALLIANCES. This report provides an overview and analysis of the threats and opportunities presented to the Western firm entering an international joint venture (IJV) with a Chinese (People's Republic of China) partner. Following an overview of the general advantages and disadvantages of the IJV as a foreign investment strategy, the analysis takes the perspective of a Western firm considering a joint venture with a China-based firm and considers both the advantages and disadvantages to such a venture, as well as the principal factors of Western-Chinese IJV success or failure. 11p., 54f., 22b.		$77

13138. ASIAN VALUES & THE ASIAN BUSINESS STYLE. Presents an overview of key elements in Asian business style and culture among those Asian nations heavily influenced by Confucianism, particularly China and expatriate Chinese businesses in Southeast Asia. Includes an overview of the cultural foundations of business organization in Chinese-dominated or influenced Asian nations as explained by Geert Hofstede (1985, 1991). Subsequent sections examine the dominance of the family business structure and the role and importance of 'relationships' and 'connections' in Asian business practices.. A concluding section briefly takes up the issue of whether "Asian values" can reasonably be held at all accountable for either the Asian economic miracle of the 1970s and 1980s or the Asian financial crisis of the late 1990s. 14p., 38f., 21b.		$98

13135. SOFTWARE PIRACY. Examines the problem of software policy in international business. Defines the problems and its scope, looking at why software piracy has become such a problem and considering its impact on the global software industry, corporations, end users, and developing countries. Identifies and assesses options to solve the problem (considering technological, legislative, educational, management and tort approaches), selects an option, and presents a defense for this selection. Argues that solving the problem of software piracy requires a holistic approach combining technological (encryption strategies), legislative (amendments to copyright laws), and educational (awareness campaigns aimed at companies, end users, and developing countries) strategies. 20p. 134f. 51f.		$133

13123. SUPRA-NATIONALITY AND THE DECLINE OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY: THE CASE OF THE EUROPEAN UNION (EU). This paper examines the EU as a case of globalization. It is argued that both favorable and adverse consequences of globalization can be discerned within the inherent conflict between the state sovereignty of the EU members and the emerging supra-national sovereignty of the EU polity. As background to this analysis, the first part of the paper examines general trends and indications in the decline of state sovereignty which have occurred in tandem with the advance of globalization. A second part examines the history and central features of the EU supranational structure. A third part looks directly at some of the major elements of conflict between EU sovereignty and European state sovereignty. Part four looks briefly at the international implications of the emergence of EU supranational sovereignty. 16p., 54f., 23b.		$112

13121. THE GLOBAL REACH OF JAPANESE BUSINESS. This paper compares and contrasts two recent publications which provide some perspective on the issues and controversies surrounding the global spread (through both "exportation" and "adaptation") of Japanese management practices. Jeremiah Sullivan's (1992) monograph, Invasion of the Salarymen, provides a distinctly American perspective on the Japanese management presence in the United States. Tony Elger and Chris Smith's (1994) compilation, Global Japanization?, brings together a collection of articles and case studies to provide a geographically broader perspective on the issues surrounding the potential for the global "Japanization" of work practices. 12p. 25f. 2b		$84

13120. JAPANESE HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT. Based on a comparative analysis of Ballon's (1992) Foreign Competition in Japan and White & Trevor's (1983) Under Japanese Management, this report examines Japanese human resources management (and its contrast with Western-style human resources management), focusing closely on the question of whether Japanese-style human resources management provides Japanese organizations with a "competitive advantage" over Western organizations. The scope of these two books allows for an examination of Japanese versus Western human resources strategies in both Japan and a Western setting (Britain). KEYWORDS: japan hrm comparative management. 14 pages, 21 footnotes, 2 bibliographic sources.		$98

13118. SOUTH KOREA AND THE ASIAN FINANCIAL CRISIS. This paper examines the nature, causes, and consequences of the Asian financial crisis with respect to South Korea. Considers in detail the role (in both provoking and ameliorating) of "outside" forces (e.g., international lenders and investors) in the crisis. Bad lending policies, too-cozy business-banking-corporate relations, an irrational and inefficient chaebol structure, and a pervasive distrust of foreign investment are cited as among the principal causes of the financial crisis in South Korea. Concludes that South Korea's prospects for recovery hinge on its willingness to allow foreign investment and foreign participation in domestic business. 31p., 96f., 41b.		$133

13116. OPERATIONAL AND ORGANIZATIONAL CHANGE AMONG MNCS. This report discusses some of the major human resources management and organizational change issues involved in transforming a multinational corporation into an integrated transnational company. Following an overview of the evolving TNC and its implications for human resources management, the analysis examines the use of "subsidiary empowerment" as one potential MNC-TNC transformation strategy. The limitations and shortcomings of this strategy are then considered with reference to Asian subsidiaries. A concluding section considers the implications of resistance to organizational change for the strategic planner within a multinational organization. 20p., 64f, 19b.		$133

13115. HOFSTEDE ON BUSINESS CULTURE IN ASIA. This report provides an overview and introduction to Hofstede's theories on national culture and organization. The analysis begins with an overview and critique of Hofstede's methodology. While Hofstede's framework for cultural analysis has been widely cited and applied, a number of researchers have pointed to certain shortcomings and methodological weaknesses. This brief section addresses one common criticism. The next section of the report looks more closely at Hofstede's theories on how national culture affects motivation - a critical area of interest for Hofstede. A final section examines Hofstede's concept of Confucian Dynamism and his theories on Asian business culture. 19p., 32f., 9b.		$133

13114. MANAGING & TRAINING THE EXPATRIATE WORK FORCE. This report considers some of the advantages and disadvantages of the expatriate workforce and examines key human relations management issues related to expatriate staffing of MNCs. The analysis begins with a critical overview of the traditional reasons for maintaining an expatriate workforce. A concluding section considers steps to take to maximize the value of expatriates. 14p., 35f., 11b		$98

13113. CHINESE ECONOMIC REFORM AND DEVELOPMENT. This report provides an overview and analysis of the economic and political-economic reforms in the Post-Mao era and considers the prospects for continued economic reform in the late 1990s and early 21st century. The analysis begins with a general overview and evaluation of the post-Mao economic reforms. Another sector provides a close look at the centerpiece of China's initial economic reform -- the agricultural sector -- considering both the contribution that this sector made to China's overall economic development and the reasons for the lagging productivity in this sector after 1985. Following a critical evaluation of the impact of reforms during the Deng era, a concluding section considers barriers to future economic reform. 22p., 69f., 25b.		$133

13112. ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL TRANSFORMATION IN TAIWAN. Traces the course of economic and political development in Taiwan from 1949 to the late 1990s. Examines the main reasons behind the Taiwanese "economic miracle" and profiles the move towards democratization since 1987. Includes an analysis of current economic and political conditions and an overview of future prospects and concerns. 10p., 38f., 10b.		$70

13108. OLIGOPOLY IN THE PHARMACEUTICALS INDUSTRY. Looks at the drug industry as an example of a structural oligopoly; domination of the market by a few players is attributed to high R & D costs, patent protections, brand name recognition, and mergers and acquisitions that keep out new competitors. Eli Lilly is cited as a case example of a major industry player with a position protected by famous trade names and growth into biotechnology and non-drug businesses. 11p., 14f., 5b.		$77

13106. ISRAEL'S DIAMOND INDUSTRY. A discussion of how the cutting and polishing of rough diamonds has become the nation's largest export industry. Includes various reasons for the success of the industry, as well as the role of the De Beers syndicate in regulating it. Also notes the need for continued competitiveness because of the rise of new diamond centers in the Third World. 11p., 44f., 8b.		$77

13105. MACHINE TOOLS AND ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY. Examines the role of machine tools and advanced manufacturing technology in the global race for improved productivity and improved competitiveness among leading industrial nations. Considers manufacturing technology in the context of overall levels of investment in plant and equipment, the accelerated introduction of robotics and computer-assisted manufacturing methods, and the global drive for quality control. 25p., 27f., 11b.		$133

13103. DERIVATIVES: THE ROLE OF NEW FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS. Examines the secondary-market financial instruments whose value is based on another, primary instrument or market price. The history, risk-hedging and profit-seeking functions of derivatives are reviewed, and exotic new types of instruments are compared. 11p., 13f., 10b.		$77

13102. CURRENCIES AND MONEY MARKET INSTRUMENTS IN RISK MANAGEMENT. Examines the uses of foreign currencies, long and short positions, and money market instruments for risk management by corporations. Basic theory and purpose of hedges are described, and the process of arbitrage for profit is contrasted with simple risk management. 9p., 10f., 10b.		$63

13081. THE INSURANCE INDUSTRY IN GREAT BRITAIN. Looks at the position of the industry in the U.K. in the nineties, reviewing the major companies, mergers and acquisitions, and new sources of capital and competition. Predicts the disappearance of insurance companies as they merge into the financial sector. 10p., 12f., 8b.		$70

13065. INDIA UNDER BRITISH RULE. A paper on the economic development of India from the establishment of the "Crown Raj" in 1858 to the rise of the nationalist movement in the early twentieth century. Covers both the negative and positive effects of British rule, and concludes that it helped pave the way toward India's inclusion in the world economy. 11p., 53f., 8b.		$77

13061. FREE MARKET REFORMS IN LATIN AMERICA. Explores contemporary free market reforms in Latin America, focusing on two models: 1) the strong market and currency reforms of Chile under Pinochet, and 2) the comparatively half-hearted economic reforms in Mexico under President Salinas de Gortari. Compares and contrasts reforms in these two countries with economic reform efforts across Latin America. Considers trade quotas, import restrictions, exchange rates, and debt problems. Argues that Chile provides the best model of free market reform in Latin America. 21p., 39f., 23b.		$133

13038. THE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECTS OF COLONIALISM IN INDONESIA. A survey of Indonesian political and economic history since before 1500, focusing on questions of colonialism. Summarizes Indonesia's initial position as "a region of cultural, political and economic complexity that rivaled or even surpassed Europe..." and contrasts with the political and economic changes that made Java the most thoroughly colonized land in Asia before 1800. Excellent summaries of 19th & 20th Century Indonesian political history through war of independence 1945-9, and of the economic changes dictated by colonialism which meant huge transfers of wealth from Javanese peasants to European middle and upper classes, contributing to today's disparity of wealth between the EuroAmerican west and the Asian east. 11p., 5b., 21f.		$77

13034. VIETNAM: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS IN ECONOMIC REFORM. This paper considers prospects for and problems within Vietnam's program of economic reform from the perspective of mid-1998. Following a background analysis of the motivations for reform and an overview of Vietnam's current economic conditions, structure, and trends, the analysis examines some of the major stumbling blocks in Vietnam's road to economic reform. Concludes that the future prospects for economic growth and development in Vietnam are dismal barring dramatic hastening of reform in financial services, agriculture, and the state-owned sector as well as a comprehensive program aimed at trimming bureaucracy and eradicating widespread corruption. 18p., 43f., 20b.		$126

13022. INTERNET STOCK TRADING IN SOUTH KOREA. Following a market assessment summary and summary risks and opportunities analysis, this report makes recommendations on the establishment of an Internet stock trading business in South Korea. Offers specific recommendations on the form of business organization, target market groups, and marketing plan/promotional strategies. 27p., 47f., 58b.		$133

13013. CORPORATE & POLITICAL STRUCTURE & THE ASIAN ECONOMIC CRISIS. Using World Bank president James Wolfensohn's recent comment that the Asian economic crisis revealed that "political, financial and corporate structures were not well suited to cope with the demands of an increasingly globalized economy" as a stimulus for discussion and analysis, this report takes a retrospective and look at the Asian economic crisis. Following an overview of the crisis (its chronology and central features), the analysis considers in greater detail the causes of the crisis and the relative contribution to the crisis made by the factors cited by Wolfensohn and other analysts. The concluding section looks at the prospects for recovery in the troubled Asian economies, and considers the political, corporate, cultural, and economic transformations which must be completed in order to achieve a renewal of the "Asian miracle." 22p. 43f. 29b.		$133

13012. FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT IN CHINA: THE REAL GROWTH ENGINE. This paper argues that the real economic significance of China's open-door policy has less to do with the expansion of foreign trade and market liberalization than it does with the unprecedented encouragement it has given to inflows of overseas capital - above all foreign direct investment (FDI). Following a brief overview of China's open-door policy and an outline of investment incentives, the analysis traces the growth and composition of foreign investment in China since the opening. The bulk of the analysis then examines the role of FDI in China's "economic miracle" and then draws on recent evidence to evaluate the merits of Kleinberg's (1990) arguments that the notion of China moving towards a liberal economic regime is a misconception. 27p. 69f. 27b.		$133

12665. HOW GLOBAL MEDIA BECOMES A GLOBAL MARKET. Developments in communications are creating new opportunities for people to participate in the global economy. This paper discusses how the Internet affects work and business and how it can be used for the marketing of goods and services. The paper also considers potential problems of commercialization and lack of accessibility, but argues that these problems can be easily controlled or overcome in upcoming years. 6p., 14f., 6b.		$42

12664. MULTINATIONALS' RESPONSES TO THE ASIAN ECONOMIC CRISIS. Analyzes the impact of the Asian economic crisis on multinational corporations and examines MNCs' strategic responses to the crisis. Begins with an overview of the causes and scope of the Asian economic crisis and then analyzes general and specific MNC responses. FedEx, Goodyear, Canon, ABB, Hewlett-Packard, Pizza Hut, Holiday Inns, Honda, General Motors, BASF, Merrill Lynch, and Electrolux are among the specific firms considered. 23p., 72f., 40b.		$133

12663. BUSINESS AND ECONOMIC CONDITIONS IN JAPAN. This paper provides an overview and analysis of doing business in Japan from the perspective of the US foreign direct investor and with special consideration to the current economic conditions in Japan and the current efforts towards structural reform. The analysis begins with a profile of the basic parameters of establishing a foreign business in Japan, including an overview of Japanese accounting practices and the accounting system; an outline of the requisite steps towards organizing an investment; a description of international capital markets; and an analysis of some of the key cultural and logistical aspects of doing business in Japan. The rest of the analysis focuses on economic conditions in Japan. A concluding section provides an overview of multinational corporations and recent major foreign direct investment in Japan. 22p., 43f., 24b.		$133

12662. MARSHALL PLAN & EUROPEAN RECOVERY. Summary of what the Marshall Plan was, focusing on statistics of how it aided European progress. Includes background to and development of the Plan, implementation and institutional structures, use of the Plan to create and strengthen institutions of national economic planning and regulation on Keynesian models, the wide-ranging scope of activities financed and promoted, promotion of person-to-person links within various industries, resistance to special interests and protection requests from the U.S. Congress, use of Marshall Plan funds for CIA and covert political activities, statistics on European GNP and investment growth showing how the Marshall Plan coincided with significant increases. Conclusion stresses Marshall Plan as perhaps the greatest act of altruism in human history. 10p., 22f., 6b. 2 additional pages containing 3 statistics tables.		$70